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Tillie Hardwick
Tillie Hardwick (née Myers; 1 August 1924 – 15 July 1999) was a Pomo Indian woman, who was instrumental in reversing the California Indian Rancheria termination policy of the U.S. government.
== Early life ==
Tillie Myers was born 1 August 1924 to Joe Myers and Elisabeth Posh and grew up in Mendocino County, California on the Pinoleville Indian Rancheria, just north of Ukiah, California.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ukiah Daily Journal from Ukiah, California · Page 12 )〕 Hardwick's family had lived in the Clear Lake drainage basin for many generations and she remembered stories told by her mother and aunt about her grandparents involvement in the Bloody Island Massacre of 1850.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ukiah Daily Journal from Ukiah, California · Page 1 )〕
When Congress passed a law in 1958 to terminate her tribe’s reservation lands, under the Indian termination policy, tribal members agreed in exchange for private land ownership and improvements including sewers, running water, streets and fire hydrants. The government also promised to provide a special program of education and training designed to help the Indians to earn a livelihood.〔http://legislink.org/us/stat-72-619〕 Hardwick and other tribal members were led to believe that termination was mandatory and they were unprepared for state and county taxation requirements of privately held lands. The government failed to provide plumbing for Hardwick's home and when she attempted to secure a loan to make repairs, she was unable to do so. No title company would issue a policy stating that she had marketable title.〔http://www.standupca.org/court-rulings/california-indian-issues/Jul%2012%2C%201979%20Tillie%20Hardwick%20Complaint%20for%20Declaratory%20injunctive%20relief%20damages.pdf〕
When Hardwick’s son, Joe, was denied educational benefits, she decided to take action for the failure of the government to live up to its promises to the tribe.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The rebirth of Ya-Ka-Ama )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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